2009-11-07 21:24:30 -

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The opposing surfaces of the joints are perfectly opposed to one another. They are usually lined by smooth cartilage. Fractures of the joints leads to irregularities of the bones that form the joint surface. It may also be associated with bleeding into the joint, or hemearthrosis. Unless the joint is repaired perfectly, arthritic changes will develop in the damaged joint.

Causes

of Joint Fracture


Joint fractures occur from trauma. Sometimes, the ligaments and cartilage that form the joint are damaged at the same time. Dislocations of the joint may occur.

Signs and Symptoms of Joint Fracture


Fractures of the joint lead to pain and swelling of the joint. Movement both increases the pain and is limited by the injury. Swelling of the joint frequently occurs from hemearthrosis.

Treatment

* Some general principles need to be applied to fracture management
* Need to consider
o Reduction of the fracture
o Immobilisation of the fracture
o Rehabilitation
* Need for reduction varies from fracture to fracture
* Usually need to correct rotational or valgus or varus deformity
* Intra-articular fractures need anatomical reduction
* Reduction can be performed as either an open or closed procedure
* Immobilisation is required until fracture union
* Can be performed by external or internal methods
* External methods include
o Plaster casts
o Traction
o External fixation
* Internal methods include
o Plates
o Intramedullary nails
o K-wires


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